First Draft-Confirmation

1. What is my thesis?
A person's empathy ability is more likely innate, so it is hard to change.

 2. What types of source am I using to defend my thesis? 
I am using results of relevant experiments, expert opinions, a famous and articles.

3. Are my arguments mostly based on evidence, logic or emotion?

My argument is usually based on scientific evidence, experiment. I think there is no logic and emotional appeals even though there might needs readers to think of their experience to understand my essay.



My Confirmation

I will start confirmation with the 'mirror neurons'. Mirror neuron is the special neuron cell which was found in brain of primate including human. It fires when observe other acting even though the observer doesn't act. The existence of mirror neuron can show that the ability to empathize is inherent.

It might be right that the experience a person get can affect his or her empathy ability. However person cannot experience everything in the world. Nonetheless, a person can empathize almost every emotions that others have . For example, when a person see children who suffer from starvation through the television, that person might feel sad, sympathize. It might be not because that person have suffered from the starvation as well. Thus, it says the empathy is the inherent ability and the experience is only to make deeper and more specific empathy.

As the second supporting, I'll tell about the 'Autism'. One of symptoms of autism is lack of empathy. People with autism may have difficulty understanding another person's feelings, such as pain or sorrow.

Autism is inherited disorder. Thus, that a person with autism lacks the empathy ability show empathy is also inherent ability. Some may say people with autism can be taught empathy. For example. mother would teach his son with autism if he steps on someone's foot, he should say sorry. The son might be able to mother's saying, but it is not empathy, but only the respond in certain situation.

Third, the empathy among nonhuman animals and empathy in children can support my argument.

Empathy in animals can be observed through the following experiment.

In one experiment, 15 rhesus monkeys were trained to get food by pulling chains. Monkeys quickly learned that one chain delivered twice as much food than the other. But then the rules changed. If a monkey pulled the chain associated with the bigger reward, another “bystander” monkey received an electric shock. After seeing their conspecific get a shock, 10 of the monkeys switched their preferences to the chain associated with the lesser food reward. Two other monkeys stopped pulling either chain—preferring to starve rather than see another monkey in pain (Masserman et al 1964):

Animals are more likely to have difficulties in experiencing. Thus, according to this experiment, animals can empathize even though they don't have experience.